Effects of Plant Growth-promoting Rhizobacteria on Physiological Characteristics and Inorganic Elements in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effects of different plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria （PGPR） on the growth of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings and the quality of its medicinal parts， in order to provide reference for the cultivation of high-quality P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. MethodThe pot culture experiment at room temperature and the single-factor completely random design were employed for exploring the effects of five PGPR on physiological characteristics and inorganic elements of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. ResultThe results showed that the exogenous inoculation of different PGPR promoted the growth and development of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis to varying degrees， delayed the senescence of leaves， and improved the medicinal value of new and old rhizomes. Compared with the non-inoculated control， the exogenous inoculation of compound microbial fertilizer （FH） and microbial agent Sanju Guanjin liquid （SJ） enhanced the root vigor， increased the content of photosynthetic pigments and the activities of anti-oxidant enzymes ［superoxide dismutase （SOD）， catalase （CAT）， and peroxidase （POD）］， and reduced the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in leaves. Their inhibition rates against MDA were 10.46%-39.62% and 20.99%-53.12%， respectively. With the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis， the inhibition rate against MDA gradually increased， which effectively delayed the senescence of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis leaves. In addition， the exogenous inoculation of different PGPR promoted the accumulation of nutrient elements in new and old rhizomes， lowered the heavy metal content to varying degrees， and improved the medicinal value of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizomes. ConclusionFH and SJ have exhibited the best promoting effect on the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seedlings and also the best regulatory effect on the medicinal value of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizomes， which has provided reference for the application and promotion of PGPR in the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Effect of Different Combinations of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza on Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and Chemical Components / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the effects of different arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungi combinations on the growth and quality of<italic> Paris polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> seedlings，in order to provide reference for the cultivation of high quality <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>. Method:Through the room temperature pot inoculation test method，nine groups of different AM fungi combinations were inoculated into sterilized soil，and the control group was not inoculated. The effects of different AM fungi combinations on root infection rate，photosynthetic parameters，physiological indexes and chemical components of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> seedlings were observed. Result:The spore density in rhizosphere soil，the infection rate and intensity of AM fungi in roots，and the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in roots of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> were significantly increased by inoculating the combination of exogenous AM fungi. Compared with the control group，the contents of chlorophyll，malondialdehyde，soluble sugar，soluble protein content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> were increased in different AM fungi treatment groups. The content of total saponin increased from T1 to T2，decreased rapidly from T2 to T4，and increased at T5. Conclusion:Different mixed AM fungus can form a good symbiotic relationship with the roots of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>，improve the mycorrhizal vitality，enhance the resistance of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> to adverse environment，promote the growth and development of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic> and improve the quality of rhizome. According to the comprehensive inoculation effect，the combination of S5，S8 and S9 AM fungus has the best effect，which provides reference value for the application of mycorrhizal biotechnology of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>.

Influences of Natural Fibrous Root Decay on Growth and Active Component Content of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of natural decay of exogenously added fibrous roots on the growth and development of <italic>Paris polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis </italic>and its medicinal quality. Method:The effects of natural decay of fibrous roots at different amounts on mycorrhizal infection rate， physiological and biochemical indexes， and saponin contents of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis </italic>were studied in pot culture experiments at room temperature. Result:The results showed that the infection rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi in the root of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis </italic>was not significantly affected by different fibrous root treatments， but there were significant differences in infection intensity. The photosynthetic pigment content in the leaves declined significantly with the increase in fibrous root amount， and the total chlorophyll was decreased by 78.7% at most. The contents of soluble protein， soluble sugar and malondialdehyde in the leaves of <italic>P. polyphylla</italic> var. <italic>yunnanensis </italic>showed an overall upward trend. The activities of the three protective enzymes varied. The peroxidase and malondialdehyde were reduced by 181.6% and 200.0% at most. In the root system of <italic>P. polyphylla </italic>var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>， the contents of the above-mentioned six components decreased to varying degrees， with the largest reductions of peroxidase and malondialdehyde reaching 44.6% and 69.7%. Different fibrous root treatments resulted in a decrease in active component content of <italic>P. polyphylla </italic>var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>. The total content of the four saponins was decreased by 58.9% at most， and the total saponin content by 46.9%. Conclusion:The natural decay of fibrous roots affects the soil microbial environment of root system， reduces the photosynthetic pigment content in leaves， and destroys the stability of cells， thus interfering with the growth and development of <italic>P. polyphylla </italic>var. <italic>yunnanensis</italic>， reducing its medicinal components， and causing continuous cropping obstacles.

Research Progress in the Role of Tim3/galectin-9 in Hematological Malignancy--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

The incidence of hematological malignant tumor is increasing year by year, and seriously affecting the human health. In addition to the traditional radiation and chemotherapy, immunotherapy has achieved a certain effect in the treatment of blood tumor, but it is limited by exhaustion of CD8

Screening and identification of potassium-dissolving bacteria from different rhizosphere soil of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国中药杂志

The study aiming at exploring the potassium-dissolving capacity of rhizosphere potassium-dissolving bacteria from diffe-rent sources and screen the strains with high potassium-dissolving ability, so as to lay a theoretical foundation for cultivation and quality improvement of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis sources. The rhizosphere soil of 10 wild and transplanted species from Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou provinces was used as the research object. Potassium-dissolving bacteria were isolated and purified, and their potassium-dissolving capacity was determined by flame spectrophotometry, and identified by physiological, biochemical and molecular biological methods. Twenty-six potassium-dissolving bacteria were purified and 13 were obtained from wild and transplanted strains respectively. It was found through the determination of potassium-dissolving capacity that the potassium-dissolving capacity of 26 strains was significantly different, and the mass concentration of K~+ in the fermentation broth were 1.04-2.75 mg·L~(-1), the mcentration of potassium were 0.01-1.82 mg·L~(-1). The strains were identified as Bacillus, Agrobacterium rhizome and Staphylococcus by physiological, biochemical and 16 S rDNA molecular methods, among them Bacillus amylolyticus(4 strains) was the dominant bacterium of Bacillus. The physiology and biochemistry of rhizosphere potassium-dissolving bacteria in P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizosphere were diffe-rent, and the living environment were different, so the potassium-dissolving capacity also changed. Strain Y4-1 with the highest potassium decomposability was Bacillus amylolytic with a potassium increase of 1.82 mg·L~(-1). The potassium-dissolving ability and the distribution of potassium-dissolving bacteria were different in various habitats. The screening of potassium-dissolving bacteria provided a new strain for the preparation of microbial fertilizer. It is expected that B. amyloidococcus Y4-1 can be used as an ideal strain to cultivate mycorrhizal seedlings of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Isolation and identification of phosphatolytic bacteria in Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国中药杂志

The wild resources of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, a secondary endangered medicinal plant, are severely scarce. Introduction and cultivation can alleviate market demand. To screen phosphatolytic bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and provide data support for the development of high-efficiency microbial fertilizer, in this study, the dilution plate coating method was used to isolate and screen the phosphorus solubilizing bacteria with the ability of mineralizing organic phosphorus from the rhizosphere soil of wild and transplanted varieties of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis in 10 different locations in Yunnan, Sichuan and Guizhou. After separation and purification, the phosphatolytic capacity was analyzed by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Combined with physiological and biochemical experiments, the strains were identified using 16 S rDNA sequencing analysis. Forty one strains were selected from the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from 10 different habitats. Among them, 21 strains were obtained from the rhizosphere soil of the wild variety P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and 20 strains were obtained from the rhizosphere soil of the transplanted variety. And significance analysis found that 41 organophosphate solubilizing strains had significant differences in their ability to solubilize phosphorus. The amount of phosphate solubilizing was 0.08-67.61 mg·L~(-1), the pH value was between 4.27 and 6.82. The phosphatolytic amount of strain Y3-5 was 67.61 mg·L~(-1), and the phosphorus increase amount was 57.57 mg·L~(-1). All 41 strains were identified as Gram-positive Bacillus. Combining physiological characteristic and phylogenetic trees, Bacillus mobilis Y3-5 was finally selected as the candidate rhizosphere phosphatolytic bacteria of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The distribution of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was different, and there were significant diffe-rences in phosphorus solubility. Organophosphate-dissolving strain Y3-5 is expected to be a candidate strain of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis microbial fertilizer.

Correlation Analysis Between Bulb Quality and Rhizosphere Soil Factors of Fritillaria taibaiensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To explore the correlation between bulb quality and rhizosphere soil factors of Fritillaria taibaiensis of different origins and years, in order to provide theoretical basis for the high quality and safe production of F. taibaiensis. Method::Totally 11 samples of bulb and rhizospheric soil of F. taipaiensis of different origins and years were taken as the research objects. Available N, available P, available K, organic matter, pH and six soil enzyme activities in rhizosphere soils were determined by soil agrochemical analysis method. Peimisine and nine nucleosides in F. taibaiensis bulbs were determined by HPLC, and total alkaloid content was determined by UV. SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the correlation of the measured data. Result::There were significant differences in rhizosphere soil factors and bulb quality between F. taibaiensis of different origins and years (P<0.05). In terms of soil factors, the contents of available N, available K, organic matter and six soil enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of wild varieties were higher than those of cultivated varieties, while the contents of available P and pH were lower than those of cultivated varieties. With the increase of growth years, the soil nutrient index of cultivated varieties showed different change trends, while that of wild varieties did not change significantly. However, most of the soil enzymes in both groups decreased in varying degrees. In terms of bulb quality, the contents of nine nucleosides and alkaloids in F. taibaiensis bulbs decreased with the increase of growth years, with larger change trends of cultivated varieties, while that of wild varieties was not significant. The contents of nucleosides and alkaloids in most cultivated varieties were higher than those in wild varieties. The correlation analysis showed certain correlations between soil factors in rhizosphere as well as soil factors and bulb quality. In general, soil nutrient status and bulb quality decreased with the increase of years. Conclusion::The quality of F. taibaiensis is mainly affected by its rhizosphere soil factors. In the process of field conservation and artificial cultivation, attention shall be paid to increase or decrease of the content of soil nutrients and their proportional relationship according to actual situations, so as to ensure the quality of F. taibaiensis.

Effect of Mixed Inoculation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal on Growth and Chemical Composition of Aucklandia lappa Seedlings / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal（AM） fungi mixed inoculation on the growth，physiological and biochemical characteristics，root biomass and terpenoid component accumulation of Aucklandia lappa seedlings，so as to provide a reference for the combination and application of the dominant complementary effect mycorrhizal fungi. Method:The effect of different AM fungi combined with inoculation on the root mycorrhizal infection rate，plant growth，physiological and biochemical characteristics，root biomass，costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone of A. lappa seedlings were determined by pot inoculation at room temperature. Result:It was found that AM fungi could form good mycorrhizal symbiosis with the roots of A. lappa.The formation of mycorrhizal symbiosis system could increase the chlorophyll content of A. lappa leaves，increase the activities of catalase（CAT），peroxidase （POD），superoxide dismutase （SOD），reduce the content of malondialdehyde（MDA），and promote photosynthesis of A. lappa. Compared with CK group，AM fungus treatment could significantly promote the accumulation of costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone，and the accumulation of its metabolites，costunolide and dehydrocostus lactone，into roots during the symbiotic cultivation of A. lappa seedlings，indirectly improving the quality of medicines and yield of alantolactone. Conclusion:Inoculation of AM fungi can improve the root mycorrhizal viability，increase the absorption of nutrients and promote the growth of woody incense.The mixed inoculation treatment of S2，S4 and S5 had the best mycorrhizal effect in artificial cultivation，and the growth and medicinal quality of A. lappa were the best，which provided technical support for the application and popularization of A. lappa mycorrhizal biotechnology.

Simultaneous Determination of 7 Phenolic Acids in Lycopus lucidus var. hirtus Rhizome by HPLC-PDA / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:A high performance liquid chromatography-photo-diode array（HPLC-PDA） method for the simultaneous determination of the 7 phenolic acids including danshensu，protocatechuic acid，protocatechuic aldehyde，chlorogenic acid，caffeic acid，ferulic acid and rosemary acid in Lycopus lucidus var.hirtus rhizome，analyzing and evaluating the phenolic acids in L.lucidus var.hirtus rhizome collected from different habitats，is reported here. Method:The sample was extracted by ultrasonic with 80% methanol solution，7 kinds of phenolic acids were separated on a CAPCELL PAK C18 column （4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm） with a mobile phase consisting of methanol-0.02% formic acid aqueous （pH 3.10）by gradient elution，The detection wavelength was at 279，324 nm， the column temperature was 30 ℃ with 20 μL injection volume and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1. Result:The 7 Phenolic acids had a good linear relationship （r≥0.999 9） within their respective mass concentration ranges，the average recovery was 96.49%-103.45% and the RSD was 0.5%-2.8%，the limit of determination was 0.008-0.046 mg·L-1 and the limit of quantification was 0.027-0.154 mg·L-1.The 7 kinds of phenolic acids were all detected in L.lucidus var.hirtus rhizome and the total amount was between 5 811.01 and 11 747.23 µg·g-1 ， the average amount was 7 421.05 µg·g-1.The content of 7 phenolic acids was different and the rosemary acid was the highest in all the samples with an average of 7 111.19 µg·g-1 the ratio to the total phenolic acids was 95.8%.The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed that the quality of L.lucidus var.hirtus rhizome from Heze city in Shandong province was better，followed by Wanzhou district in Chongqing. Conclusion:The method was simple，sensitive，accurate，practical and reliable，and is suitable for the content determination of phenolic acid in L. lucidus var. hirtus rhizome.It is expected to provide a reference for the improvement of quality standard and a new idea for the development and utilization of L.lucidus var.hirtus rhizome.

Effect of Different Exogenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Combinations on Rhizosphere Soil Environment of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of different arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi combinations on the rhizospheric environment of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Method:The different combinations of 12 arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi species were inoculated to the seedlings P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis planted in the sterilized soil under the condition of room temperature to investigate their infection abilities and effects on the root activity，soil nutrient contents，enzyme activities and microbial community structure of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizospheric environment. Result:The inoculation of exogenous AM fungi can regulate the spore densities and infection rate of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizosphere AM to improve the root activity， the exogenous AM fungi can also regulate the nutrient contents in the rhizosphere soil，increase the contents of total glomalin and easily extracted glomalin，increase the abilities of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis to absorb the available N，P and K，and increase the enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil， improve the microbial community structure， and improve the rhizospheric environment of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis by increasing the bacteria/fungi and bacteria/actinomycetes quantity ratios and reducing the fungi/actinomycetes quantity ratio. Conclusion:Different AM fungal treatment groups had certain effects on the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of the rhizosphere soil of P.polyphylla var. yunnanensis，which provided a technical basis for the cultivation of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Effect of Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Soil Nutrients in Rhizosphere Soil of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis Seedlings / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To clarify the effect of the arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi on the rhizosphere soil nutrient content，AM fungi infection rate and total rhizome saponins content of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis under symbiosis culture. Method:The changes in the root AM fungi infection rate，rhizosphere soil nutrient content，total rhizome saponins content of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and the relationship of the rhizosphere soil factors，the infection rate and the total rhizome saponins content after AM fungi inoculation were analyzed by the method of combining room temperature pot inoculation and data analysis. Result:As compared with the CK group，the root AM fungi infection rate of the AM inoculation group was significantly enhanced （P<0.05），the content of easily extractable glomalin，total glomalin，and total nitrogen increased significantly，while available potassium content and pH significantly decreased. After inoculation with AM fungi，the contents of total phosphorus，available phosphorus，available nitrogen，ammonium nitrogen，nitrate nitrogen，available potassium，and organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis showed significant differences as compared with the CK group. The soil nutrient status was improved，and the total saponin content in the rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was increased. Conclusion:Inoculation with AM fungi can improve the rhizosphere soil nutrient status of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis，promote the nutrient transformation in the rhizosphere soil，promote the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis，and improve the quality of medicinal herbs.

Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation on Physical and Chemical Properties of Rhizosphere Soil of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the infection rate of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis at different periods，the changes of mineral nutrients in rhizosphere soil and the correlation among the factors under different arbuscular mycorrhizal （AM） fungi conditions. Method:28 kinds of AM fungi were inoculated into the seedlings of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis by single factor pot experiment. The samples were collected in August （fruit ripening period） and November （senescence period） to analyze the infection rate and the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil. Result:The mycorrhizal infection rate of each treatment group was 75%-100% in the fruit ripening period and senescence period. The contents of easily extracted glomalin and total glomalin in rhizosphere soil increased to different degrees in these two periods as compared with CK group， the pH of rhizosphere soil in the two treatment groups showed an increasing trend， the content of organic matter in rhizosphere soil decreased significantly in the fruit ripening period in all the treatment groups，and the organic matter in rhizosphere soil in the senescence period showed no significant differences. The total N and K contents in rhizosphere soil decreased in both periods， and the other physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil increased or decreased without significant change regularity. Correlation analysis showed that the infection rate was correlated with the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil to a certain degree. Conclusion:Inoculation of AM fungi can affect the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis to some extent，and provide reference value for the application of AM fungi in the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine.

Variation Pattern of Rhizospheric Soil Nutrient for Fritillaria taipaiensis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To study the variation patterns of rhizospheric soil nutrient and the content of nutrient elements for Fritillaria taipaiensis,in order to provide the theoretical base for the soil improvement and balanced fertilization during the artificial cultivation. Method: Totally 14 samples of rhizospheric soil of Fritillaria taipaiensis from different origins and years were taken as the research objects. Total N,available N,total P,available P,total K,available K,organic matter,pH and 7 nutrient element contents (Ca,Mg,Na,Mn,Zn,Cu and Ni) were analyzed by the soil agrochemical analysis method combined with the atomic absorption spectrophotometry. SPSS 22.0 software was applied for data multiple comparison and correlation analysis. Result: The all results showed significant differences (PF. taipaiensis. The content of total N,available N,total P,available P and organic matter of rhizospheric soil collected from cultivated varieties decreased with the increase of years,and the content of total K,available K and pH decreased first and then increased. However,the soil physical and chemical properties of wild varieties had no obvious change with the increase of years. The content of Ca,Mg,Na and Cu of soil from cultivated varieties decreased with the increase of years,while the content of Mn decreased first and then increased. And Zn and Ni showed no significant change with the increase of years. Compared with cultivated varieties,the content of Ca,Mg,Na,Mn and Cu increased first and then decreased. The content of Zn and Ni showed no obvious change. In general,the rhizospheric soil nutrient and the content of nutrient elements for wild F. taipaiensis were superior to those of cultivated varieties. Conclusion: The third year is the turning point of F. taipaiensis growth. The rhizospheric soil nutrient and the content of nutrient elements decreased obviously after three years. Attention shall be given to the balanced fertilization,the improvement of soil quality and the prevention of the cropping during cultivation of F. taipaiensis.

Construction of human telomerase reverse transcriptase periodontal ligament cell line mediated by adenovirus / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aims to establish an effective and stable periodontal ligament cell line stably expressing human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene by using the adenovirus method.@*METHODS@#Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the full length of hTERT gene to construct recombinant adenovirus plasmid pAd-pshuttle-cmv-hTERT. Packaged adenovirus particles were used for infection of human periodontal ligament cells. The expression levels of hTERT and osteogenic genes, such as alkaline phosphatase, Runt-related transcription factor 2, bone sialoprotein, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and collagen Ⅰ mRNA, were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The ability of osteogenic differentiation was observed by alizarin red staining, and the cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8.@*RESULTS@#Adenovirus particles containing the hTERT gene were successfully constructed and infected with periodontal ligament cells. The infected cells were similar to normal periodontal ligament cells. The qRT-PCR results showed that hTERT and osteogenesis-associated genes were highly expressed in the periodontal ligament cell lines constructed by adenoviruses. Alizarin red staining showed that the periodontal ligament cell line had strong osteogenic differentiation capability. CCK-8 showed that the periodontal ligament cell line had strong proliferation capability.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The human periodontal ligament cell line with high efficiency and stable expression of hTERT was established by the adenovirus method, thereby providing an ideal cell line for studying the mechanism of periodontal regeneration.

Correlation of fractional exhaled nitric oxide in the upper and lower airways with the level of asthma control / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical value of combined measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and nasal fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FnNO) and its correlation with the level of asthma control.@*METHODS@#A total of 120 children who were diagnosed with asthma from January to June, 2018 and were in the chronic persistent stage were enrolled as subjects. The childhood asthma control test (C-ACT) was performed for all the 120 children. According to the C-ACT score, these children were divided into 4 groups: complete control group with a C-ACT score of >23, partial control group with a C-ACT score of 20-23, and uncontrolled group with a C-ACT score of ≤19 (n=40 each). According to the presence or absence of allergic rhinitis, they were divided into 2 groups: non-rhinitis group with 55 children and rhinitis group with 65 children. A total of 40 children who underwent physical examination during the same period of time were enrolled as the control group. FeNO and FnNO levels were measured for all the 120 children.@*RESULTS@#The uncontrolled group had the highest level of FeNO, followed by the partial control group and the complete control group (P<0.05). The uncontrolled and partial control groups had a significantly higher level of FeNO than the control group (P<0.05). The uncontrolled and partial control groups had a significantly higher level of FnNO than the complete control and control groups (P<0.05). The rhinitis group had significantly higher FeNO and FnNO levels than the non-rhinitis group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#FeNO can be used to assess the level of asthma control in children, and its combination with FnNO may be useful for the evaluation of the degree of inflammation in the upper and lower airways and provide a basis for the combined treatment of the upper and lower airways.

Correlation analysis of quality,origin and phenotypic characters of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis / 中国中药杂志

In order to provide guidance for the protection and utilization of resources,quality control and breeding of improved varieties,we compared the main phenotypic characters and quality of wild and transplanted Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis collected from different producing areas. Seven phenotypic characters of 33 samples of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis collected from Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan were determined by conventional methods,and the principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the diversity of the samples. The parissaponin( polyphyllin Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅵ,Ⅶ) content of the samples were detected by HPLC,and analyzed by cluster analysis. Correlation analysis of the phenotypic characters and the parissaponin content was performed. There were significant differences in seven phenotypic characters between wild and transplanted samples of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from different habitats,with high phenotypic diversity and abundant genetic variation. The results of principal component analysis showed that leaf shape index was the main factor of morphological variation of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Cluster analysis showed that the phenotypic characters of wild and transplanted P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis could not be completely separated. The content of saponins in wild and transplanted samples from different habitats was quite different. Saponins content of 93. 94% samples met the criterion of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition,and the overall quality was relatively steady. The results of independent sample t-test showed that there was no significant difference of all the active ingredient between wild and transplanted samples,and it couldn't be used to distinguish between wild and transplanted samples. It is the same as the results of cluster analysis. The results of correlation analysis showed that the phenotypic traits of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were correlated with its medicine quality,and the total content of saponins was positively correlated with leaf length and leaf shape index( r = 0. 389,0. 441; P<0. 05). Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan are suitable for the growth of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. And the transplaned P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis can be used as the same as the wild ones completely. The results provide reference for the protection and selective breeding of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis.

Correlation between rhizospheric microorganisms distribution and alkaloid content of Fritillaria taipaiensis / 中国中药杂志

In order to reveal the relationship between the amount of soil microorganisms and the quality of Fritillaria taipaiensis, both cultivated and wild F. taipaiensis were collected from Chongqing, Wuxi at different stages of their growth as objects of the research. The mycorrhizal infection rate and colonization intensity, peimisine and total alkaloid content in bulbs, the amount of microorganisms and biomass carbon content in rhizospheric soil were all determined using common methods. The results showed that the typical arbuscular-vesicle roots were formed after the AM fungi infected the F. taipaiensis roots which were collected from different origins. The mycorrhizal infection rates were ranged from 78.74% to 98.68% and the colonization intensities were ranged from 13.29% to 37.06%. The rhizospheric microorganisms of F. taipaiensis showed abundant resources. The distribution rule of them in the rhizospheric soil was as follows: the amount of bacteria>the amount of actinomycetes>the amount of fungi. The rhizospheric bacteria, decomposition inorganic phosphorus bacteria, decomposition organic phosphorus bacteria, actinomycetes amount and the total number of microbes increased first and then decreased with the increase of years, while decomposition potassium bacteria showed decreasing trend and fungi showed gradual increasing trend. The soil microbial flora content in the soil changed from "bacterial type" with a high fertility to "fungal type" with a low fertility. The mass fraction of peimisine and total alkaloid content increased first and then decreased with the increase of over the years, the same trend of culturable rhizosphere soil bacteria and actinomycetes indicated that the growth years affected the quality of soil and medicinal materials on different levels. Therefore, the diversity of microbial communities in rhizosphere soil reduced with the increase of years leading to the continuous cropping obstacles and the destruction of medicinal quality of F. taipaiensis.

Cloning and functional analysis of JAZ genes in Artemisia annua / 药学学报

Jasmonic acid (JA) can promote the biosynthesis of artemisinin.To have an insight into the JA signaling in Artemisia annua,two new genes belonging to JAZ family,namely AaJAZ5 and AaJAZ6,were cloned from Artemisia annua,which might be the negative regulators involved in the JA signaling pathway.Bioinformatic analysis showed that AaJAZ5 and AaJAZ6 contained the conserved domains of ZIM and Jas specific to JAZ family.According to tissue profile analysis,AaJAZ5 had the highest expression level in leaf and AaJAZ6 had the highest expression level in root.The expression levels of both AaJAZ5 and AaJAZ6 were markedly elevated by methyl jasmonate and mechanical wounding.The BiFC results indicated that AaJAZ5,as well as AaJAZ6,physically interacted with AaMYC2.Importantly,only AaJAZ5 could interact with AaCOI1.The interaction assays given by BiFC suggested that AaJAZ5 might play a crucial role in JA signaling.This study facilitated the further analysis of the functional divergence of JAZ-family members and the understanding of molecular mechanism on JA signaling to regulate the artemisinin biosynthesis.

Analysis on Outpatient Prescriptions of TCM Decoction Pieces in 2016 in Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To understand the present situation and regularity of the application of TCM prescriptions in Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (hereinafter referred to as "our hospital"); To provide references for TCM pharmacy management and rational medication in clinic. Methods 8756 TCM prescriptions in our hospital from January to December in 2016 were randomly selected and the method of subtotals was used to collect statistics. The basic rules and existing problems of the TCM prescriptions were analyzed. Results The TCM prescriptions issued more in the famous doctor's center (27.67%), preventive treatment of disease center (13.67%) and oncology department (13.35%); elderly patients took the lead (45–75 years old accounted for 65.90%); prescriptions with 16–20 Chinese herbs added up to 4326 (49.41%); prescriptions within 3–7 dosages were 4921 in total (56.20%);single prescription cost within 100–300 yuan were 2777 in all (31.71%); prescriptions of single dosage cost 21–80 yuan were 5500 altogether (62.81%). Conclusion The application of TCM prescriptions in our hospital is basically rational, but problems such as too many herbs in one prescription, overdose use of some prescriptions and higher amount still exist.

Synthesis of hydrogel polymer coated ZnO nanoparticles and their decontaminating effect against soman in vitro / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the decontamination capability of hydrogel polymer coated ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NP-gel) against soman. METHODS ZnO NP was synthetized using chemical precipitation method and modified with 4-pentenoic acid,and then polymerized with comonomers to obtain ZnO NP-gel. The transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and particle size instrument were used to observe the internal structure,micromorphology,particle size and zeta potential of these materials. An infrared spectroscope (IR) was used to analyze their chemical bond structure,while X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the diffraction pattern.The content of soman was determined by benzidine chromogenic reaction. ZnO NP(1 g·L-1), ZnO NP-gel (1 g·L-1) and distilled water were mixed with soman(52.2 mg·L-1),stood for 30 min,and then filtered before filtrate was subcutaneously injected into mice (40 μL·g-1) to observe the symptoms of poisoning and death. RESULTS SEM and TEM showed that ZnO NP-gel had a block structure, the zeta potential of which was (-7.89 ± 0.04) mV. The results of IR indlicated that ZnO NP-gel had stronger absorption peaks at 754 and 618 cm-1, and XRD revealed that these materials had a sharp peak at 2θ=8.06738°. The decontamination efficiency of ZnO NP-gel was higher than that of ZnO NP group at the same concen?tration (n=3, P<0.05), and the time for decontamination of 50% soman was shortened by four times. The mice were injected subcutaneously with the soman solution treated with ZnO NP-gel, which caused no convulsion or death. CONCLUSION ZnO NP-gel can perform the double function of fast adsorption and catalysis of soman,and the decontamination ability of which could be improved through polymer modification.